Analysing Public Policy

Analysing Public Policy What is Public Policy? Public policy happens when the government tries to answer a public issue, such as healthcare, education, environmental issues, crime, transportation, foreign policy, and poverty and welfare. Public policy is whatever governments choose to do or what not to do. Whether it is local, state, or federal government they develop public policy by laws, regulations, decisions, and actions. So, behind every decision that is made there is always a process that takes place, setting the agenda, making decisions, formulation, implementation, and evaluation. So, once laws are established they are put into practice in the form of public policy. Public policy affects our quality of life and can also influence the quality of life for those in other countries. In order for public policy to work citizens must participate in the process. A lot of pressure that comes from the outside affects the creation of public policy whether it is for the better of the country or for the worst. Citizens groups as well as commercial groups put pressure on public policy to defend their interest. As lawmakers debate the making of policies and set them in place, it is important for citizens and outside groups to analyze the effects of the policy so that the wrong type of policies are not set into practice. Individuals and groups attempt to shape policy through education, advocacy, or mobilization of interest groups. There are three parts to public policy making: problem, players, and the policy. The problem is the issue that needs to be addressed. The players are the individuals and groups that are influential in forming and implementing a plan to address the problem in question. Policy is the course of action decided upon by the government and public. Public policies are widely open to influence and interpretation by non-governmental players, including those in the non-profit and private sectors. Policies are dynamic, responding to changes in the government and the public in terest. What is Policy Analysis? Public policy analysis is determining which of several alternative policies will most achieve a given set of goals no matter the relationship between the policy and the goal. Policy analysis involves a primary concern with explanation rather than prescription. Also it is a sought out search for the cause and consequences of public policies. Furthermore, it is an effort to develop and test general propositions about the causes and consequences of public policy and to continue to accumulate reliable research findings of general relevance. Public policy analysis strives to define the problems addressed by a particular policy, assess the steps taken to address these problems and evaluate the intended and unintended effects. Policy analysis has the greatest potential to improve the policy making process when government decision makers use the results and findings to craft better policy. It occurs in political environment, in which policy makers, elected o r otherwise, makes decisions about the allocation of public funds, power and resources. It requires insight, creativity, and imagination in identifying societal problems and describing them, in devising public policies that might alleviate them, and then in finding out whether these policies end up making things better or worst. It requires knowledge of economics, political science, public administration, sociology, psychology, laws, statistics, engineering, natural sciences, etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Policy analysis is an applied subfield of all of these traditional disciplines.

Choose two questions from three questions Assignment

Choose two questions from three questions - Assignment Example All the same, despite how much we know, there are many myths and legends that have evolved over the years concerning this pivotal era and the war that ensued are, simply, not accurate. Much of this inaccuracy involves the institution of slavery and the slave trade. Although it remains a true crime of humanity and shameful act, it is not exactly the way the history books, television, and film would have us believe. One, particular myth is that the American Civil War was fought specifically and solely to put an end to slavery. We have been told that slavery is a direct evil and consequence of a capitalist system, however, that is hardly true. Slavery in many forms existed long before humans kept actual records, let alone established a capitalist society. Another myth concerning the institution of slavery involves the idea the slavery was a reaction to discrimination and racism, however, race played a very small role in slavery around the world. It was not until the 15th century that slavery became specifically associated with people of African descent. One of the most common myths of African slavery is the image of Caucasian slave masters capturing and netting African natives. This may have occurred in some instances, but the majority of African slaves taken from Africa were enslaved and sold by other Africans. Many believe the United States was the greatest recipient of transported slaves; however that is not true, 90% of the slaves brought directly by ship were taken to the Caribbean. Finally is the com plete misconception that once the African peoples were enslaved they became helpless and compliant. There are more than 250 different reports of slave uprising on board slave ships. These people continued to fight to maintain their freedom and later their history and culture. It was never possible for their Master’s to completely break them down (Mintz 1). From before the Revolutionary War the colonists of new world were already arguing the issue of slavery

System analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

System analysis - Essay Example System investigation: The primary analysis of the system is essential for enveloping all the business data and information requirements to map all processes in the organization (Hoffer, 2002). It is done so that no data is left out and there is 100% coverage of the business requirements. The requirements of this stage demand enough expertise and skill to effectively understand and capitalize on information so that information is captured to its full swing. Systems analysis and Design: Once all the requirements are collected successfully they are analyzed to their importance and framed into defined design models such as DFD, E-R diagram and others so that their modeling is successfully transformed into a working system (Navathe, 2004). The entire design reflects the working of the organizational processes and their penetrations with external forces. The capabilities of this stage demands business modeling methods and strategies for developing a suitable data flow diagram to correctly figure out the process. Systems coding: This is the actual step where the business requirements are actually implemented and taken care to be given a representation. The impact of this stage would result in greater understanding of the business methods and good communication skills with the client. This stage creates an impact to make a difference to code the system to exact requirements mapped in the planning stages. Systems implementation: Successful implementation of the system is essential for the system to facilitate working and for the users to take full advantage of the system. The impact of this stage is quite large as improper implementation strategies may affect the working of the organization and processing capabilities. Follows a planned approach. It takes into account all the stages required to develop the project. The advantage of waterfall development is that it allows for departmentalization